Compressor mechanism



Mar. 27, 1923.

J. W. GARDNER COMPRESSOR MECHANISM Filed Sept. 25, 1919 2 sheets-sheet 1 aajy.

1'7 HER/um Mar. 27, 1923. 1,450,032

J. W. GARDNER COMPRESSOR MECHANISM Filed Sept 25, 1919 Z'heets-sheet 2 Patented Mar. 27, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN WILLIS GARDNER, OF QUINCY, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE GARDNER GOVERNOR COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

COMPRESSOR MECHANISM.

Application filed September 23, 1919.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, Join: IVILLIS Gann- NEH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Quincy, in the county of Adams and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compressor Mechanisms, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to compressor mechanisms.

It has for its object to provide an improved compressor mechanism. further object of my invention is to provlde an improved compressor mechanism of a compact and efiicient construction especially adapted to use in garages, starting gas engines, gasoline testing, or the like. A still further object of my invention is to provide an mproved compressor having improved cool ng means, and improved means for removing any oil or water of condensation from the system. These and other objects and advantages of my improved construction will, however, hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown for purposes of illustration one embodiment which my invention may assume in practice, illustrating the same as applied to a compressor mechanism especially adapted to service in garages.

In these drawings,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the complete compressor mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partially in vertical section, showing the compressor unit, certain parts being broken away to facili tate illustration.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of the switch and its cooperating controlling mechanism.

In this illustrative construction I have shown a two-stage compressor comprising a low pressure cylinder 1 and a coaxially isposed high pressure cylinder 2, the same herein being horizontally disposed and havlng pistons 3 and 4, respectively, movable therein and operatively connected as here inat'ter described, to a crank shaft 5 disposed between the cylinders, the crank shaft in turn being driven by a combined pulley and flywheel 6 through a driving connection, herein in the form of a belt 7, from an electric motor 8, and both the motor and the compressor unit being mounted upon a suitable base 9 supported on a receiver 10.

Serial No. 325,61 1.

In this construction it will be observed that the cylinders l and 2 are provided with radiation accelerating means of suitable forin, herein in the form of flanged cooling jackets 11 and 12, respectively, and that the same are formed integral with a crank casing 13 adapted to contain oil or other lubricant and thereby enable the lubricant to be supplied to the shaft 5 and the connections between the same and the pistons through apertures 14 in an inner reciprocable hollow member or crank case 15. herein rigidly connected to the two pistons and driven from the crank shaft 5 by a connecting rod 16 connected to the crank thereof and the piston 3, the oil level in the crank casing bein maintained by supplies of fresh oil pourec in through an oil inlet 17 and the height of the oil in the casing being determined by a sight glass 18.

Here, it will also be observed that a spring pressed inlet valve 19 is provided in the head 20 of the low pressure cylinder, which has its inner or Working end 21 normally seated flush in the head and its rear end acted upon by a. coiled spring housed. in the rear of the head, the valve acting as an ordinary suction valve to control the supply of air through the inlet pipe 23 connected to the crank casing, as shown. Attention is also directed to the fact that the low pressure cylinder is provided with a discharge port 24 in its head 20 and that this port is normally closed by a ball valve 25 held upon its seat by a spring pressed plunger 26, the ball valve controlling the discharge of air from the cylinder and into a passage 27 communicating through a pipe 28 with an intercooler 29 likewise having suitable radiation accelerating means, herein in the form of cooling flanges 30 formed thereon. From this intercooler it will be observed that the air discharged from the low pressure cylinder and cooled in the intercooler passes through a pipe connection 31 to an inlet valve 32 in the head 33 of the low pressure cylinder, the valve 32 corresponding to the inlet valve 19 of the low pressure cylinder, and likewise having its inner or working end adapted to seat in and lie flush with the surface of the head. Here also it willbe observed that a discharge valve 34 is provided in the high pressure cylinder, this valve 34 corresponding to the valve 25 just described, and that this valve controls the supply of air discharged from the high pressure cylinder to a pipe 35, which in turn communicates with an aftercooler 36, preferably of greater '1 pacity than the intercooler and likewise having suitable; radiation accelerating means, herein in the form of cooling flanges 37 of greater area formed thereon, and. as, herein, disposed beneath the cylinders 1 and 2 and between compressor supporting struts or standards 38 and preferably in parallel relation to the cylinders and the intercooler 29. Herein it will be observed that this after-cooler 36 communicates with the receiver 10 through a pipe 39, having therein a check valve 40 and a suitable safety valve 40.

In my improved construction, it will be observed that improved means are provided for cooling the air in its passage through the compressor and also preferably from the same to the receiver. These means, as shown herein, include fan blades 4]. and 42 formed on and near the periphery of the flywheel 6 and so disposed relative to the intercooler and the after-cooler as to cause an unrestricted flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature to pass over the various elements as the fly wheel is rotated, the same herein acting as a blower, although obviously a suction fan may be used if desired. More particularly, it will be observed that the flywheel is herein made of such size and provided with fan blades in such a relation that both the high and low pressure cylinders will be subjected to a constant flow of cool air during the operation of the compressor, and both the intercooler and the aftercooler will. be similarly cooled. Referring more particularly to the construction of the fan, attention is here also directed to the fact that certain of these blades, herein the blades 41, form part of fan spokes 43 on the flywheel 6, the same being connected in a well known manner (not shown) to the crank shaft 5, while the other blades 42, which areherein spaced alternately between the blades 41, are shorter and in the form of projections from the inner periphery of the flywheel, a construction which simplifies the construction of the flywheel and reduces its weight at the same time that it is still made possible to produce a maximum flow of cooling air and, through the distributing action of the axially located crank casing on the flow, enable the same to be delivered at the desired points.

In my improved construction it will also be noted that improved controlling mechanism is provided to control the loading and unloading of the compressor. More particularly, it'will be observed that the pressure 1n the receiver 10 is supplied through a pipe 44 to a pressure controlled snap switch 45,

which may be of anysuitable type, and is herein shown in simplified or diagrammatic form in Fig. 3 including a diaphragm 46 and a pivoted switch member 47 actuated thereby and itself normally held in closed position by a spring 48 and carrying bridging contacts49 adapted to make or break connection between the line conductors 50 and the motor connections 51. This switch member, as shown herein, is also operatively connected to a controlling member 52 adapted to unload the compressor and purge the same of oil, water, and gas whenever the circuit is opened, the member 52 herein being movable with the member 47 and adapted, as the contacts 49 are elevated, to engage a plunger in a valve casing 54 carried on the side of the switch (Fig, l), and thereby open av valve, herein in the form of a ball valve 55, controlling the connection between a pipe 56 communicating with the under side of a suitable sump 57 in the aftercoolcr and an exhaust port 58 communicating with the atmosphere. Herein it will be observed that the valve is normally held in elevated or closed position against its seat 59 by a coiled spring 60 housed in the casing 5- and that the plunger 53 is provided with a reduced portion 61 adapted. to move through a suitable larger opcniug 62 in the valve casing and depress or unseat the valve 55 and open communication between the pipe 56, the opening 62, and the outlet or exhaust port 58 whenever the switch member 47 is actuated to open the motor circuit, the parts being returned to their normal positions when and as the motor circuit is again closed.

In the operation of my improved mechanism, it will be understood that when the pressure in the receiver 10 falls below a predetermined limit, the switch member 4? will be actuated. upon movement of the diaphragm 46, in such a manner as to close the contacts -19 and thereby complete the motor circuit and start the compressor in operation. During this operation of the compressor, it will also be observed that through the provision of the fan blades 41 and 42 upon the flywheel G. currents of equally cool air and of large volume and at atmospheric temperature are caused to flow over the cooling surfaces 11 and 12 of the low and high pressure cylinders, respectively, over the cooling surfaces ill) of the intercooler, and over the cooling surfaces 3T of the aftercooler, so that an efficient coinpression and lubrication is obtained. At the same time, it will be observed that through this cooling action all oil and water in the air is caused to be precipitated, and thereafter collected in the sump in the aftercooler in such a manner as to enable the air discharged into the receiver to be free from either of these objectionable elements, which are particularly injurious to tires, Attention is here also directed to the fact that when the pressure in the receiver 10 rises above a predetermined limit the switch member 47 is automatically reversely actuated by the diaphragm to break the motor circuit and shut down the motor and compressor, and that through the provision of the member 52 connected to the member 47, the valve 55 is depressed from its seat in such a manner as to open communication between the aftcrcooler and the atmosphere and thereby not only enable the pressure in the compressor to be relieved and permit the latter thereafter to start under no load, but also to cause all the precipitated oil and water collected in the aftercooler to be blown out of the system each time that the compressor is shut down. In other words, as a result of my improved construction, it will be observed that the entire mechanism is cooled in such a manner as not only to increase the efiiciency of the compressor, but also eiiectively to precipitate any oil and water which may find its way into the air, the oil and water in my improved construction being collected in the after-cooler and, through my improved mechanism, automatically expelled or purged therefrom and from the system each time that the compressor is shutdown, the pressure being relieved and the oil and water purged automatically in the same operation.

While I have in this application specifically described one form which my invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that this form is shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various other forms Without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

As a result of my improved construction, it will be observed that a large volume of air at atmospheric temperature is directed upon the radiation accelerating means on the low pressure cylinder in such manner as substantially to reduce the temperature thereof and thereby facilitate proper lubrication and increase the efi iciency of compression, the radiation accelerating means on the cylinder radiating a maximum of heat and the cool air then acting on these means to absorb the heat rapidly due to the large volume and low temperature of the air stream, the speed of absorption being in proportion to the volume and temperature of the cooling flow. It will also be noted that by directing a similar flow over the like radiation accelerating means on the intercooler, a substantial drop in intercooler temperature is similarly brought about, thereby substantially increasing the efiiciency of the compressing action through the resultant reduction in power required. Bly directing a similar flow over the like ra iation accelerating means on the high pressure cylinder, the results obtained in the low pressure cylinder are again obtained. Further, by directing a similar fio-w over the like radiation accelerating means on the aftercooler, an efficient and thorough separation of the entrained liquid, i. e. water and oil, is made possible, the cooling effect of the large vol ume of air at atmospheric temperature on the radiating surface of the discharge acting not only to increase the compressor efliciency by reducing the temperature of the discharge and the consequent number oi running operations necessary to maintain a given pressure in the receiver. but also to permit cooler air to be supplied from the receiver. Especial attention is also directed to the fact that it also acts in conjunction with the large radiating surfaces of my improved after-cooler to eliminate the dangerous entrained liquid content in the discharge which is especially injurious to tires, first, by condensing the water con tent or vapor, which I find comprises substantially 95 per cent of the liquid content and is especially dangerous within tires as it acts as the distributing agent for the oil, and, second, by at the same time cooling the remaining small percentage of liquid content, i. e. the oil in suspension, in such manner as to make it more quickly precipitate. More particularly it will be noted that the liquid content of the discharge comprising both water and oil is herein removed by automatic purging mechanism, the same in my improved construction by reason of the large volume of the after cooler being collected therein and discharged therefrom by this purging mechanism.

The cooling stream or plurality of streams is obtained in my improved construction by the provision of fan means acting upon the several elements simultaneously and in such manner as to make the increases in efficiency cumulative and thereby substantially increase the effectiveness of the mechanism as a whole. The fan means in question are herein also shown to be rotatable with and carried upon the combined fly wheel and pulley and to deliver a flow of large volume and at equal temperature to each of the elements, the latter being herein arranged substantially in the same plane, but it will be evident that various other fan means, as distinguished from those on a fly wheel, may be used, although I prefer that they be rotatable with the fly wheel, and it will further be evident that, although I believe that the distribution of streams of equal temperature to each of the elements and the disposition of the latter substantially in the same plane produces the most eflicient machine, this distribution and arrangement may also be modified. It will also be understood that as previously stated the fan means may be of either the blower or suction type and that the radiation accelerating means may assume different forms, these and the several other modifications mentioned herein being immaterial so far as concerns the broad aspects of my invention which comprise in a compressing mechanism of the type set forth the provision and direction for the purpose or pur-- poses set forth of a cooling stream or plurality of streams of air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature and distinct from the mere ineffective agitation of air produced by the rotation of a compressor fly Wheel.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An air cooled compressor and liquid separating mechanism comprising in combination, a compressor unit having a compression chamber and radiation accelerating means thereon, fan means for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means, and means cooled by said flow for separating liquid entrained in the compressor discharge.

2. An air cooled compressor mechanism comprising in combination, a compressor unit having operatively connected low and high pressure cylinders and radiation accelerating means on said cylinders, and fan means for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means and the connection between said cylinders.

3. An air cooled compressor and liquid separator mechanism comprising in combination, a compressor unit having a cylinder and radiation accelerating means on said cylinder, fan means for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means, and separating means for condensing the Water vapor and causing precipitation of the oil entrained in the compressor discharge.

4. An air cooled compressor and liquid separator mechanism comprising in combination, a compressor unit having a cylinder and radiation accelerating means on said cylinder, fan means for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means, and separating means likewise having radiation accelerating means thereon and cooled by said flow for condensing the water vapor and causing precipitation of the oil entrained in the compressor discharge.

5. An air cooled compressor and liquid separator mechanism for supplying air free from water and oil comprising in combination, a compressor unit having a compression chamber and radiation accelerating means thereon, cooling means therefor including a fan creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means,- and water and oil separating means acting upon the discharge from said unit and including a portion having a radiation surface of such area and so disposed in said cooling flow as to condense substantially the entire Water content in the discharge.

6. An air cooled com ressor and liquid separating mechanism or supplying air free from water and oil comprising, in combination, a compressor unit having operativel connected low and high pressure cylin ers and radiation accelerating means thereon and on the connection therebetween, cooling means therefor including a fan creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means, and Water and oil separating means acting upon the discharge from said high pressure cylinder and including a portion having a radiating surface of such area and so disposed in said cooling flow as to condense substantially the entire Water content in the discharge.

7. An air cooled compressor and liquid separator mechanism for supplying air free from water and oil com rlsing, in combination, a compressor unit aving a compression chamber and radiation accelerating means thereon, cooling means therefor including a fan creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means, and water and oil separating means acting on the discharge from said unit and including a portion of such volume and having a radiating surface of such area and so disclosed in said cooling flow as to condense and collect therein substantially the entire Water and oil content in the discharge.

8. An air cooled compressor and liquid separator mechanism for supplying air free from Water and oil comprising in combination, a compressor unit having operatively connected low and high pressure cylinders, and radiation accelerating means thereon and on the connection therebetween, cooling means therefor including a fan creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means, and water and oil separatin means acting upon the discharge from sai high pressure cylinder and including a portion of such volume and having a radiating surface of such area and so disposed in said cooling flow as to condense and collect therein substantially the entire water and oil content in the discharge.

9. An air cooled compressor mechanism comprising in combination, a compressor unit having operatively connected low and high pressure chambers, and a discharge for the latter and fan means rotatable therewith for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of said chambers, the connection between the same, and the discharge from said high pressure chamber.

10. An air cooled compressor mechanism comprising in combination, a compressor unit having operatively connected low and high pressure chambers, and a discharge for the latter t'an means rotatable therewith for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of said chambers, the connection between the same. and the discharge from said high pressure chamber, and radiation accelcrating means on said chambers, said connection, and said discharge.

11. An air cooled compressor and liquid separating mechanism comprising in combination, a compressor unit having operatively connected low and high pressure cylinders and radiation accelerating means thereon, fan means for creating a fiow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means and the connection between said cylinders, and separating means like wise cooled by said How for condensing water vapor and precipitating oil entrained in the discharge from said high pressure cylinder.

12. An air cooled compressor and liquid separator mechanism comprising in combination, a compressor unit having a cylinder and radiation accelerating means on said cylinder, fan means for creatin a flow of cooling air of large volume an at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means, and means so arranged as to be cooled by an equally cool stream of air for separating the liquid entrained in the discharge from said cylinder.

13. An air cooled compressor and liquid separator mechanism comprising in combination, a compressor umt having opera tively connected lowand high pressure cylinders and radiation accelerating means on said cylinders, means for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means and the connection between said cylinders, and means so arranged as to be cooled by an equally cool stream of air for separating the liquid entrained in the discharge from said high pressure cylinder.

14. An air cooled compressor and liquid separator mechanism comprising in combination, a compressor unit having operatively connected low and high pressure cylinders and radiation accelerating means on said cylinders, means for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation acceleratin" means and the connection between said cylinders, means so arranged as to be cooled by an equally cool stream of air for separating the liquid entrained in the discharge from said high pressure cylinder, and means between said 0 linders for diverting the air on to said cylinders, their connection, and said separating means.

15. An air cooled compressor and liquid separator mechanism comprising in combination, a compressor unit having a cylinder and radiation accelerating means on said cylinder, means for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means, and means provided with radiation accelerating means and so disposed as to be acted on by said cooling flow for separating the liquid entrained in the discharge from said cylinder.

16. An air cooled compressor mechanism comprising in combination a compressor unit having operatively connected low and high pressure cylinders and radiation accelerating means on said cylinders, means for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means and the connection between said cylinders, and means provided with radiation accelerating means and so disposed as to be cooled by said cooling flow for separating entrained liquid from the discharge from said high pressure cylinder.

17. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compre$or unit including operatively connected low and high pressure cylinders having radiation accelerating means thereon, a fly wheel, means supplemental to said fly wheel for creating a flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of both of said cylinders, and means likewise subject to sa d flow for cooling the discharge from. said high pressure cylinder and separating therefrom the entrained liquid.

18. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor unit including operatively connected low and high pressure cylinders extending in the same dlrection having radiation accelerating means thereon, means comprising a. fan wheel connected to said unit and having provision for creating a flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of both of said cylinders and the connection therebetween, and means likewise subject to said flow for cooling the discharge from said high pressure cylinder and separating therefrom the entrained liquid.

19. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor unit including operatively connected longitudinally spaced low and high pressure cylinders having radiation accelerating means thereon, means including a fan fly wheel rotatable about an axis between said cylinders and creating a flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of both of said cylinders and the connection tlu-rcbetwccn. and means likewise subject to said flow for cooling the discharge from said high pressure cylinder and separating therefrom the entrained liquid.

EU. in a compressor mechanism, in combination. a compressor unit including operativcly connected low and high pressure cylinders having radiation accelerating means thereon, means comprising a 'spoked fan fly wheel connected to said unit and having supplemental peripheral fan blades between its spokes for causing a flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atn'iospheric temperature over the exterior of said cylinders and the connection therebetween, and means likewise subjected to said flow for cooling the discharge after it leaves said high pressure cylinder and separating therefrom the entrained liquid.

21. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor unit including operativcly connected longitudinally spaced low and high pressure cylinders having radiation accelerating means thereon, means in cluding a fly wheel rotatable about an axis between said cylinders for creating a flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of both of said cylinders and the connection therebetween, and means having radiation accelerating means for further cooling the discharge from said high pressure cylinder and separating therefrom the entrained liquid.

22. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, coaxially disposed operatively connected longitudinally spaced low and high pressure cylinders having radiation accelerating means thereon, pistons in said cylinders, piston driving connections including a pulley rotatable on an axis between said cylinders, fan means rotatable with said pulley and causing a flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of said cylinders and the connection therebetween, and means having radiation accelerating means and likewise subjected to said flow for further cooling the discharge from said high pressure cylinder and separating therefrom the entrained liquid.

23. In a compressor mechanism, in combination. operatively connected low and high pressure cylinders having radiation accelerating means on their operative connection. pistons in said cylinders, piston driving connections including a combined pulley and fly wheel member, means rotatable by said member for creating a flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said radiation accelerating means, and means likewise subjected to said flow for separating the entrained liquid from the discharge from said high pressure cylinder.

2i. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a con'lpressor including low and high pressure cylinders, an intercooler connected between said cylinders, said cylinders and intercooler being provided with radiation accelerating means, and means for creating a flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of said cylinders and said intercooler.

25. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor including low and high pressure cylinders, an intercooler connected between said cylinders, said cylinders and intercooler being provided with radiation accelerating means, means for creating a flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of said cylinders and said intercooler, and separating means for the liquid entrained in the discharge from said high pressure cylinder.

26. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor including low and high pressure cylinders, an intercooler connected between said cylinders, said cylinders and said intercooler being provided with radiation accelerating means, and a compressor flywheel having fan blades creating a flow of cooling fluid over the exterior of said cylinders and said intercooler.

27. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor unit including coaxial low and high pressure cylinders, a parallel intercooler connected between said cylinders, said cylinders and intercooler being pro vided with radiation accelerating means, and a flywheel having peripheral fan blades creating a flow of cooling fluid over the exterior of said cylinders and intercooler.

28. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor unit including a cylinder having an aftercooler connected thereto, and having means for creating a flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over said cylinder, said attercooler being disposed in juxtaposition to said cylinder and in the path of said flow and provided with radiation accelerating means.

29. In a compressor mechanism, in comhination, a compressor unit including a cylinder having an after-cooler connected thereto, said aftercoolcr being disposed in juxtaposition to said cylinder and provided with radiation accelerating means, means for causing a flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of said cylinder and means, and

means for automatically relieving the pressure in said aftercooler when said unit is stopped.

30. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor unit including a cylinder having an aftercooler connected thereto, said aftercooler being disposed in juxtaposition to said cylinder and provided with radiation accelerating means, a fan flywheel causing a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of said cylinder and said means, and means for automatically purging said aftercooler of liquid when said unit is stopped.

31. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, low and high pressure cylinders, an intercooler between said cylinders, an aftercooler connected to the latter cylinder, pistons in said cylinders, a flywheel operatively connected to said pistons, and means including fan blades for creating a. flow of cooling fluid of large volume and at atmospheric temperature over the exterior of said cylinders and both of said coolers.

32. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, fluid compressing means provided with radiation accelerating means, means for removing the heat of compression from the compressed fluid associated with said compressing means and also provided with radiation accelerating means, and means for creating a stream of heat absorbing fluid across said radiation accelerating means in parallel.

33. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a plurality of fluid compressing units each provided with radiation accelerating means, means for removing heat of compression from the compressed fluid associated with said compressing means and interposed between the units thereof, said means also being provided with radiation accelerating means, and means for creating a stream of heat absorbing fluid across all of said radiation accelerating means in parallel.

34. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a plurality of fluid compressing units each provided with radiation accelerating means, a plurality of cooling units likewise provided with radiation accelerating means and arranged alternately in series with said compressing units, and means for creating a stream of heat absorbing fluid across all of said radiation accelerating means in parallel.

35. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a plurality of fluid compressing units each provided with radiation accelerating means, a plurality of cooling units likewise provided with radiation accelerating means and arranged alternately in series with said compressing units, and a fan for producing a moving column of heat absorbing fluid, said compressing units and cooling units being each arranged to intersect difi'erent portions of said column in substantially a single plane extending transversely of the column.

36. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a plurality of fluid compressing units each provided with radiation accelerating means, a plurality of cooling units likewise provided with radiation accelerating means and arranged alternately in series with said compressing units, and a pump for producing a column of heat absorbing fluid, said compressing units and said cooling units being each arranged to intersect a portion of said column which does not traverse the others.

37. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor unit, a driving motor therefor, a receiver for storing the com pressed fluid. means including a fan creating a large volume flow of air at atmospheric temperature and an aftercooler subject to said flow and disposed between said receiver and said compressor unit for separating out of the compressed fluid any liquid entrained thereby without subjecting the stream of fluid to pressure substantially in excess of receiver pressure, and means operative upon stopping of said motor to purge said aftercooler of liquid.

38. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor unit, a driving motor therefor, a receiver for storing the compressed fluid, means for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature, means subject to said flow interposed between the compressor unit and said receiver of a capacity to receive the compressor discharge until said compressor unit comes up to speed, and means for relieving said last mentioned means of pressure whenever the motor stops.

39. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor unit, a driving motor therefor. a receiver for storing the compressed fluid, means for creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature, means subject to said flow and provided with radiation accelerating means and interposed between said compressor unit and said receiver of a capacity sutficient to permit the motor to bring the compressor unit substantially up to speed before the pressure therein becomes equal to receiver pressure, said means constituting means for separating liquid from the compressed fluid, and means operative upon stopping of said driving motor to purge said last mentioned means of liquid and to reduce the pressure therein.

40. In a compressor mechanism, in comb'nation, a compressor unit, compressor driving means, a switch controlling said motor and having a movable circuit controlling member, an aftercooler, purging means therefor including a valve moving in a direction opposite to the motion of said switch to close and operative when open to purge said unit of liquid, and means for actuating said switch and said valve.

41. In a compressor mechanism, in combination. a compressor unit, a compressor driving motor, a switch controlling said motor, means including a normally closed valve for purging said unit of liquid, and means responsive to the discharge pressure of said compressor unit and comprising a bell crank which actuates said switch and said valve.

42. In a compressor mechanism, in combination a compressor unit, a driving motor therefor. a line to which the compressed fluid is discharged, a fan creating a flow of cooling air of large volume and at atmospheric temperature, means subject to said flow and disposed between said compressor unit and said line and afiording substantially unrestricted one-way flow therebetween, said means being operative to remove liquid from the compressed fluid, and means automatically operative when said motor is stopped to purge said first mentioned means of liquid.

43. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor unit, an aftercooler receiving the discharge therefrom, and having radiation accelerating means thereon, said aftercooler being of sufiicient capacity to receive the compressor discharge until said compressor unit comes up to speed, a compressor driving motor, a switch controlling said motor, and means for automatically purging said aftercooler of liquid when Sillt switch is actuated.

44. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor, having radiation accelerating means thereon, and a fan fly wheel creating a cooling flow at atmospheric temperature thereover, an aftercooler connected thereto, and having radiation accelerating means thereon disposed in the path of said flow. a compressor driving motor, a motor controlling switch, and means for automatically purging said aftercooler of liquid when said switch is actuated.

45. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, a compressor, a fan flywheel thereon, an aftercooler, cooled by said flywheel and receiving the discharge from said compressor, a compressor driving motor, a switch controlling said motor, and means actuated upon operation of said switch to relieve the pressure in said compressor and purge the liquid from said aftercooler.

46. In a compressormechanism, in combination, a compressor unit having radiation accelerating means, an aftercooler connected thereto and having radiation accelerating means, meansfor causing a flow of cooling fluid over the exterior of said means, stopping and starting means for said compressor unit, and means for purging said aftercooler of liquid when said compressor is stopped.

47. In a compressor mechanism, in com bination, a compressor comprising high and low pressure cylinders, an intercooler, an after-cooler, said cylinders and coolers being provided with radiation accelerating means, means for causing a flow of cooling fluid over the exteriors thereof, stopping and starting mechanism for said compressor, and means for purging said aftercooler when said compressor is stopped.

48. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, high and low pressure cylinders extending in the same direction, an intercooler, an aftercooler, said cylinders and coolers being provided with radiation accelerating means and said coolers being disposed paraliel to said cylinders, pistons in said cylinders, and means comprising a fan device movable durin movement of said pistons for causing a ow of cooling fluid over the exterior of said radiation accelerating means.

49. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, coaxially disposed high and low pressure cylinders, an. intercooler connected to said cylinders, an aftercooler connected to said high pressure cylinder and disposed in parallel relation to said intercooler, pistons in said cylinders, and a flywheel operatively connected to said pistons and having operatively connected fan blades directing a flow of cooling fluid directly over said cylinders and said coolers.

50. In a compressor mechanism, in combi nation, coaxially disposed high and low pressure cylinders, an intercooler disposed above and in parallel relation to said cylinders, an aftercooler connected to said high pressure cylinder and disposed below and in parallel relation thereto, said cylinders and coolers being disposed in substantially the same plane, pistons in said cylinders, and a flywheel operatively connected to said pistons and having operatively connected fan blades directing a flow of cooling fluid over said cylinders and said coolers.

51. In a compressor mechanism, in combination, coaxially disposed high and low pressure cylinders having flanged air cooling jackets, a parallel intercooler thereabove and having a similar flanged jacket, an aftercooler parallel to and connected beneath said high pressure cylinder and having a similar flanged jacket, pistons in said cylinders, a flywheel operatively connected to said pistons and having fan blades directing a flow of cooling fluid over the flanged jacket of each of said elements, a motor driving said flywheel, a pressure controlled motor controlling switch, and means operated upon actuation of said switch to relieve the pressure in said aftercooler and purge the latter of liquid.

52. A compressor mechanism comprising in combination coaxially disposed and longitudinal] spaced operatively connected low and high pressure cylinders, a crank casing connecting the same and provided in its lower portion with an oil sump, pistons in said cylinders, a lubricant distributing casing in said crank casing connecting said pistons, a crank shaft mounted in said crank casing and extending transversely of the line of said cylinders through said lubricant distributing and connecting casing, and driving connections between said crank shaft and one of said pistons including a crank rotatable in said lubricant distributing casing.

53. A compressor mechanism comprising in combination coaxially disposed and longitudinally spaced operatively connected ow and high pressure cylinders, a crank casing connecting the same and provided at its lower portion with an oil sump, pistons in said cylinders, an inner lubricant distributing casin in said crank casing and having oppositeily located lubricant passage means communicating with said crank casing, a crank shaft mounted in said crank casing and extending transversely of the line of said cylinders through said said inner casing, and driving connections between said crank shaft and one of said pistons including a crank rotatable in said inner cas- 1n n testimony whereof I afi'nr my signature.

JOHN WILLIS GARDNER.

' improvement in Certificate of Correction.

'1; "i 'ihieneb certified that inlletters Patent No. 1,450,032, granted March 27,

9213, upon t e n2 lication of John Willis Gardner, of Quinta?I Illinois, for u,

mpresor Mechanisms, errors appear in e printegl specification requiring correction as follows: Page .3, strike out the paragraph beginning with the word While, line 34, and ending with theword claims ine 41, and insert the same to follow after line 15, page 4; line 108, claim 7,-for the word discloeed" reed diaposcd; page 5, lines 2 and 12, claims ,9 and 10, rupee.- tively, efter the word chambers strike out the comma, and lines 3 end 13, efter the word letter insert a. comma; page 6, lines 114 and 115, claim 28, .efter the word thereto strike out the comma; page 8, line 30, cleim 48 otterthe word therefrom, line 40, claim 44, after the word compressor same claim, .line 44, after the word thereto, and line 52, claim 45 after the word eftercooler strike out the comma; and that the said letters ietent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the cam in thePetent Oflice.

Signed sealed this 17th day of April, A. D., 1.923.

[mu] KARL FEN'NING, Acting amm of Patents. 

